American Foreign Policy And The Education System - 1471 Words

When Noam Chomsky speaks about education, he referred to it as an â€Å"imposed ignorance†. Thoughts on Intellectuals and The School is written by world-renowned linguist, Noam Chomsky as a response to the issues of Western education and the impact it has in the lives of the intellectuals and scholars. Chomsky is noting that intellectuals often cared more about attaining power than exposing the lies and truth. With that, he provided examples from the failure of the American Foreign Policy and decision making system to which the intellectual community fails to contribute its opinions to social issues, and instead, disdained from it. Furthermore, Chomsky suggested that schools should provide more discussions revolving moral and ethical concerns†¦show more content†¦We believe that if with knowledge, comes power, and with power comes a great responsibility, Chomsky was right that what mattered most was not the American intellectuals offering their allegiance to the coun try, but rather exercising their power to challenge the effectiveness of the individuals who represent their nation. Chomsky criticized how the American education system is portraying the country as a dominant power and treating the rest of the world as an American preserve. As such, there is the the justification of unethical behaviors that can affect American student’s perspectives of their superiority toward other country. Chomsky regarded this circumstances as a national disgrace toward American education system. Due to the fact that schools are the fundamental ground for future candidates of intellectuals, technician or troops who will disturb the status quo in the future that responsible for developing the means for the extension of American power. By way of example, history educators have glossed over several facts that certain historical events left a bad mark in history. Such as, the Napoleonic War where thousands of Europeans are killed. It is that debates regarding Napoleon’s legitimacy and moral ethical dilemma are rarely discussed, and history are rather seen as a win or lose situation between two nations at war. This view is very narrow and hinders students from becoming open-minded, problem

The Slave Code Of 1705 And The Declaration Of Independence

The colonies of British North America were a very unequal place in which different classes and races were treated very differently. Despite this, ideas of freedom still developed because the colonists believed that they were being treated unfairly by the British parliament. Two documents that convey that these ideas of freedom were able to develop in a place where the citizens were not treated equally are the â€Å"Virginia Slave Code of 1705† and â€Å"The Declaration of Independence†. The â€Å"Virginia Slave Code of 1705† is a document that rewards white and christian slave owners and punishes any person who is non-white or non-christian. One part of the code states that â€Å"...all servants imported and brought into this country, by sea or land, who were not christians in their native country, shall be accounted and be slave, and as such be here bought and sold notwithtanding a conversion to christianity afterwards†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (â€Å"Virginia Slave Code of 1705†). This would make any non-christian person who was brought into the colony of Virginia a slave. So ideas of religious freedom are nonexistent in the colony and immediately a sense of power was given to christians because christianity was the only religion that was acceptable in the colony. Another section of the code says that â€Å"...That no negros, mulattos, or Indians, although christians, or Jews, Moors, Mahometans, or other infidels, shall, at any time, purchase any christian servant, nor any other, except of their own complexion, or such asShow MoreRelatedVirginia Slave Codes1123 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Virginia Slave Codes The Virginia Slave Codes date all the way to early 1600s. During the 17th century, indentured servants, who decided to work for an affirmed amount of time in replace for their means of access to the New World, were a handy resource of manual labor for the American colonies. Both blacks and whites served under the system (Goldenburg 1). White servants, after working out their time of agreement, often progressed to appreciated places in the society. On the other hand, theirRead MoreSlavery Effects on North America3953 Words   |  16 PagesUnited States from the moment the declaration of independence was signed. It s presence during this critical time period of development in the United States, from the day the United States was founded and beforehand allowed for it to interweave itself in almost all aspects of America; primarily economically, politically, and socially. Slavery impacted America in numerous ways, from the political balancing act of free and slave states, to the growt h of the southern slave centered economy, slaveries presenceRead MoreThe Atlantic Slave Trade ( 1441 A.d )3992 Words   |  16 PagesAtlantic slave trade (1441 A.D.) refers to the transportation of black Africans from their homelands to the New World (James 1). It is estimated that all together approximately 12 million Africans were transported by force from Africa to the Americas (James 1-4). Even though many people pointed out the immorality and the cruelty of slavery, very few could afford to renounce it as a social institution. Slavery was an inseparable part of 17th-18th century world economy (James 1-4). The Atlantic slave tradeRead More Inequality for all2700 Words   |  11 Pagesand feared rebellion. Slave labor was instituted as the new labor system because of the low cost to maintain African slaves. In 1705, the Virginia Slave codes were implemented to confirm slavery as an institution (Public Broadcast Service, 2011). This act by government has sealed the fate of Afric an American’s. Under the slave codes, slaves and their offspring were property, they had no rights, and no punishment was given to slave owners who physically harmed or killed slaves that were rebelliousRead MoreWhiteness as a Field of Study2712 Words   |  11 Pagessearch of the white whale, the American politico-legal system disregarded its basic principles, such as the ones reflected in the Declaration of Independence or the Constitution, in the mad search for the national fantasy of a â€Å"White Republic.† David R. Roediger argues that the genesis of this national fantasy was the necessity to separate the slave-owners from their slaves, making slavery more palatable to the freedom loving Americans. Despite the symbolical importance of racial definitions theRead MoreMy Phone Thesis16066 Words   |  65 Pageswas not a single Arawak on the island. However in 1656, an Amerindian raid from one of the neighbouring islands wiped out their settlement. The raiders â€Å"killed almost all the men, plundered and burnt the houses, but kept the women and children for slaves.† Further havoc occurred in 1666 when a French expedition consisting of 300 men attacked the island, terrorized the people and caused them to flee to the woods. Conditions in Anguilla in the latter part of the seventeenth century were extremely

Hemmingways Lady Brett Ashley free essay sample

The eighteenth century novelist Laurence Stern wrote, â€Å"no body, but he who has felt it, can conceive what a plaguing thing it is to have a man’s mind torn asunder by two projects of equal strength, both obstinately pulling in a contrary direction at the same time. † Hemingway’s Lady Brett Ashley, a divorced socialite, experienced conflicting desires, prompting her to lead an unhappy and confused life. Brett desired to be a self-reliant woman who had complete control over her own life but others were required to meet her physical and emotional needs. Throughout the entire novel, Brett Ashley pushes people away when they get too close in order to insure her freedom and power. This conflict alone illuminates Hemingway’s idea that no one can be entirely independent, occasionally people have to let themselves become vulnerable and let others in. The two painful marriages Brett had already experienced force her in the controlling and independent mindset depicted in the novel; one spouse treated her terribly and the other died tragically. We will write a custom essay sample on Hemmingways Lady Brett Ashley or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Lord Ashley, which Brett was in the process of divorcing in the story, treated her horribly. After the war he became crazy, slept with a gun underneath his pillow and threatened to kill her. Her other husband died dreadfully and painfully from dysentery, scaring her forever. Brett realized in order to never feel the pain and inferiority again she would never be able to depend on another man, nor could she get close enough to let him hurt her! But still, the want for love, physical satisfaction, and emotional fulfillment still lingered in her mind, creating her clashing outlook. Moving on from her prior marriages, Brett Ashley meets Jake Barnes, the protagonist in The Sun Also Rises. Although Brett loves Jake (as much as she could love anybody), she clearly manipulates him and uses him throughout the story. She plays upon his deep, obvious feelings for her to gain sympathy, unconditional love, and emotional support while still keeping complete control over their relationship. With Jake, she is emotionally fulfilled and still feels independent because she knows she can be with someone else whenever she wants. But still, whenever she starts to feel stronger feelings or Jake, she separates herself and has sex with someone else. For example, when Jake confesses his love for her she dismisses him, and exclaims that he should hook her up with another man, Pedro Romero the beautiful bullfighter. She refuses to let herself recognize the true emotions she feels for Jake since that would make her defenseless. She also denies Jake because of his casualty of the war; Jake was left impotent. Because of this, Jake and Brett cannot be â€Å"lovers,† and all attempts at a sexually fulfilling relationship are futile. Brett is a passionate, lustful woman who is driven by physical pleasures, something that Jake cannot provide her with. She indulges in her passion for sex and control but still seeks true love, with emotional and physical fulfillment. Unconditional love involves putting another being’s needs before your own, and not always having control. Brett cannot fulfill her dreams of true love because of her equal need for control and independence. Again, proving Hemingway’s thought that no one can be completely self-sufficient and still fulfilled (physically and emotionally).

Accounting Theory and Current IssuesPositive Accounting Theory

Question: Discuss about the Accounting Theory and Current Issuesfor Positive Accounting Theory. Answer: Introduction Paul V Dunmore for the Massey University, Wellington situated in New Zealand propounded the article Half a Defense of Positive Accounting Research of which the critical evaluation is done in the current study. Herein, this research paper an optimistic approach is followed towards the accounting research. A wider review of the intellectual project is made to understand the significance and drawbacks of positive accounting research. The article purpose is to draft a casual description of human behaviour in different account settings. The goal of conducting current literature analysis is to determine the article significance in the field of positive accounting. To uncover the facts an initial summary is specified aiming at main arguments of the article. Furthermore, to develop a deeper understanding of the literature of review research question and theoretical framework is specified in the report. Lastly, to derive a valid conclusion the importance and limitation of the article will be evaluated thoroughly. Article Summary The concept of Positive Accounting Theory is considered to be a vital segment of the academic accounting research that aims at evaluating and forecasting the current practices in accounting. The research is in direct contrast with the normative standards of accounting, which is more focused onto the description of optimal accounting standards. The report explores on how the accounting is applied and recommends the deficiencies in its implementation that leads to overall program ineffectiveness. Half a Defense of Positive Research has specified ways in which it can enhance the positive accounting for promoting the optimal practices, which can be adopted by individuals. The aim of the positive research is to not explore the implications and experiences rather its purpose is to explore the causation. There is a detailed examination done on the ontology and epistemology of positive research and determines what falls short in the current practices of accounting research. The key argument stated in the article is whether positive accounting seeks better theoretical models, which are highly precise and susceptible. Further, stating that the inappropriate progress in a positive accounting is because of the ad hoc quantitative models that are abridged to mere statements of the probable sign of the relationship between two variables. The other elaborated models that occurred from analytical research is unstructured, which makes it difficult to operationalize the same in a suitable manner. Further, there is impelling need for a better measurement that shall help in rigorously testing the theoretical models. The accounting concepts are to be diligently operationalized to upkeep the interesting key concepts that fruitful and important for the businesses. The policy makers are required to draw their focus onto considering the requisite functional forms, which can help in forming a better linear relationship with the already existing concepts of accounting. The Paul V Dunmore showcase the formation of a reliable study to gauge a concept that can be considered as standards for further studies. Thus the approach will help in promoting enhancements within the standards and prevent reinvention of measures for each study. Next, is there is a need for a shift of focus far from the hypothesis testing to estimate the parameters. The confidence intervals for parameters must be compared with the theoretical prediction of such parameters or pick from other studies any comparable measurement. To check whether the result is significantly zero is to check whether the confidence interval comprises of zero, but nonetheless, measured confidence interval shall comprise of significant extra information that the real test does not proclaim. Moreover, the need subsists to archive data of measurement of the significant concepts those that are made to test theory and those that contribute to the archive. Lastly, a need for extensive replication is done for validating the hypothesis testing confirming to the accurateness of measurement. Research Question The current article is based on the Positive Accounting research and thus below following research questions are stated: To make a successful positive research program what measures are required to be taken? What ways are there for analytical modelling? What models of vulnerability are required to tested rigorously? Whether it should focus on the measurement than testing? What is the viability of current results to explore the parameters of applicability of past findings? Theoretical Framework The literature review states the key limitation in performances of positive accounting research, which obstructs it from delivering a complete participation in a wider based project. The key requirement for a valid qualitative research is that the overall concepts maintain the level of testing further to restrain their applicability in research (Creswell, 2013). These theories are required to be formulated through a test against each other to draw a valid conclusion. The requirement for a detailed repetition of research may occur to confirm with the conclusion derived from the different testing of hypothesis. A paradigm shift is also required for further developing a conceptual framework. The shift is marked from theory testing to an evaluation of the basic conceptual outlines of research. To perfect an accounting research, it is important to use enhanced measurement tools. Furthermore, the models should be advanced for forming the base of hypothesis testing. Models framed should be flawless checking that there is no environmental vulnerability subsisting. The criticism framed in the articles is as follows S.NO. Statement criticised by Paul V Dunmore 1 Positive Accounting does not serve any remedy as it states what shall happen rather than what ought to have happened. It does not fulfil the key aim of accounting theory. 2 The positive accounting theory is not free from the value as it focuses on explaining what people shall do disregarding the fact that what are they actually needed to do. 3 The theory makes an assumption that every management and stakeholder action are built on the basis of their self-interest with key goals to enhance their own wealth without looking on the adverse aspects. As per the Kuhn (1970), description of normal science adequately gets in tune with the positive accounting research rather than actual science. Positive accounting research has worthy contribution to serve a wider understanding of human behaviour due to its distinctive setting and specific range of behaviour that accounting embraces. Kuhn also argues that a model is replaceable only when it no longer supports the concept of normal science. For some reasons it has been proclaimed that the social system is not steady but an adoption of the modified system shall help in suiting the advanced knowledge thus not leading to any severe crises. Further, Kuhn uses the notion of a disciplinary matrix for suggesting the positive research through an example that can be used for solving all puzzles, irrespective of the contribution in its social system. The positive accounting theory was almost patented by the Watts and Zimmerman (1990, 1978 and 1986) nonetheless their contribution can be seen really narrow in comparison to the wide-based concept of positive research. Many other aspects of accounting research are not determined by the theoretical model. The aim of accounting research is for extending the base of understanding and application of different theories in accounting research. It is important to ascertain a better approach for validating the finding of this research. Significance and Limitation Of Article The research article propounded by Paul V Dunmore has a significant contribution to serve for deeply understanding the social context of human behaviour. It is due to the unique setting that is being used in this research to ascertain the specific range of behaviour which accounting comprises of. Provided the fact that research paper shall assist in policy makers to use the research for the future development of the theories working onto the existing disadvantages in the models of positive accounting. The theoretical inferences made by Paul V Dunmore for the research analysis viable as it is suitably sustained by valid fact and justifications. Yet there is also a significant limitation in the analysis section. In the current practices, the key output comprises of statistically important coefficients, but the interpretation does not serve the connection suspecting the measurement that is inconsistent with the theories and sample which are not challenged and whose applicability is not verified rather presumed. According to Flick (2015), the tools and models that are supposed to be employed for a comprehensive analysis must be adequate for the objective of study otherwise it shall affect the validity of study adversely because of inadequacies. Limitation and benefit are specified in the study but are not completely clear from the readers point of view. There are suitable constraints identified in the study affecting the research validity, which question the reliability of its use for future studies. Conclusion The current literature concludes that the article has presented a wide data on how the positive accounting research is essentially practised. The study states that there is a lot more development needed to enhance the rigorous theories and most of these have failed when tested. The current article states suitable finding and allow the reader to draw valid inferences from the hypothesis testing. Through this aspect, there shall be confirmation of accurate measurement by which researcher can investigate the boundaries of research findings of the study. References Creswell, J.W., 2013. Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five approaches. Sage. Flick, U., 2015. Introducing research methodology: A beginner's guide to doing a research project. Sage. Kuhn, T. S., 1970. The Structure of Scientific Revolutions, 2nd Edition. University of Chicago Press, Chicago. Watts, R. L., Zimmerman, J. L., 1990. Positive accounting theory: A ten year perspective. The Accounting Review 65 (1), 131-156. Watts, R., Zimmerman, J., 1978. Towards a positive theory of the determination of accounting standards. The Accounting Review 53, 112{134. Watts, R., Zimmerman, J., 1986. Positive Accounting Theory. Prentice Hall.

The Sisa Syndrome and the Filipino Colonial Mentality Essay Example For Students

The Sisa Syndrome and the Filipino Colonial Mentality Essay The Sisa Syndrome and the Antidote to Our Depression by Ricky Rivera Dr. Jose Rizal in his novel Noli me Tangere tells of Sisa, a woman who fell into a very deep depression when she lost her two sons. Sisa went around town looking for them. She knows that a priest killed her two sons but she never saw how and never resolved to herself why. Many think that this is something of a fictionalized narrative of the status of our country during Rizal’s time. If you read and study why Rizal included this scene in his novel, you will definitely think that Sisa alludes to our country, an image he conjured to reflect the Motherland. We will write a custom essay on The Sisa Syndrome and the Filipino Colonial Mentality specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now And she was. Rizal really meant Sisa to be the true image of our country under colonization. It is worth remembering though that Sisa’s quest for her two sons continued until today. Later, in this short story, I will tell you why I think Rizal wrote about Sisa and its significance in our present situation. I often ask myself why some Filipinos find it extremely hard to stay in our country. According to the Bureau of Immigration, at least 3,000 Filipinos leave the Philippines every single day. That’s 90,000 month, a million a year, and 10 million in ten. Most of these Filipinos leave due to economic reasons. And every Filipino who leaves his homeland is one less Filipino who can help rebuild this country. A report says that â€Å"this country holds a snap election every day. Men and women vote with their feet daily to search for better futures abroad. † The Filipino diaspora is not a recent phenomenon. A study by the Philippine Migrant Society of Canada says that Filipinos started leaving the country for â€Å"greener pastures† in the early 1900s. A larger number of Filipino professionals moved to other countries in the 1950’s and continued to balloon up until the 1960’s. During Martial law, the Overseas Filipino Worker phenomenon started to increase, attracting not just Filipino professionals but skilled and unskilled workers. â€Å"The history of Filipino migration†, says the PMSC, â€Å".. is a product of extreme poverty, underdevelopment and joblessness in the country. † Labor migration is a socio-economic reality, one that even prosperous countries suffer from. What I am concerned here is the rising numbers of Filipinos who migrate and uproot every single member of their family to permanently live in other countries. A national survey by Pulse Asia in 2006, says three out of ten Filipinos dream of living abroad†¦permanently. Interest in living abroad is not just confined with adults. Filipino children surveyed by Pulse Asia shows 47% of Filipino children with ages ranging from 10 to 12 say they wished to work abroad someday. Sixty percent of children of overseas foreign workers said they had plans to work abroad. As of December 2004, some 3. 2 million Filipinos reside in different countries as permanent settlers while 3. 6 million as temporary labor migrants. Another 1. 3 million migrants are in different countries, mostly in unauthorized situation in the United States and Malaysia. A study shows an increasing trend of Filipinos, about 28%, leaving for abroad to marry. This explains why our Potential Net Migration Index (PNMI) is a negative 22%, similar with Iran and just a tad lower than Yemen (-23%) and El Salvador (-45), countries which are more politically distressed than us. What is it that attracts Filipinos to go someplace else to live? Why is it that Filipinos feel that their future lays elsewhere? What’s so different with the Philippines than, say, the United States? Many things, someone would definitely say. The United States is more prosperous than the Philippines. Americans have equal economic rights that allow the individual to live in prosperity and relative peace. Other countries have better laws, another Filipino says. Some would even say that governments in other countries are better than ours. Is this the truth? Are these really the true reasons why Filipinos leave? Compare our country with others, and you’ll find that the Philippines ranks far better than those countries. Ask a German or a Canadian where he likes to retire and he would definitely say, â€Å"Philippines! † without battling an eyelash. Those Ricky Rivera is a former lecturer at the University of the Philippines and Dela Salle University. He is a prolific plogger or a political blogger. This article is an excerpt from his the book, â€Å" Bagong Istorya: Great Stories in Philippine History†. He lectures every so often on Communications, Public Relations and Marketing. He wrote this after learning that one of his friends, a former great student leader, is now living abroad. The Sisa Syndrome and the Antidote to Our Depression ho already lived in Europe, particularly in London, would relish living in a hut somewhere here than suffer from the harsh weather of that cosmopolitan city. Our country lies in the tropics. Our weather is far better than the bitter, cold and icy Canadian weather. And how do our lands fare in the natural aesthetics department? We are definitely among th e most beautiful in the world. We have wonderful coastlines full of pristine immaculate sand. Nothing compares with our Boracays, our Palawans and our Guimaras. Wonderful mountains adorn our countrysides, filled with beautiful sights, such as rivers, lakes and streams. We probably are not included in Yahoo! s 10 Most beautiful countries in the world, but we sure are one of the world’s best twenty. Yes, we are sited in one of the world’s most dangerous quake belts but our 6 or 7 magnitude quakes pale in comparison with those that strike Indonesia every single year or those in Mexico and even in the United States. Our typhoons are wimps compared with those cyclones and hurricanes which inflict harm upon Americans every single year. The only difference is that other nationalities enjoy a far excellent governmental service than what we have. Despite this, Filipinos, according to a study, are happy with what they have. According to the 2009 Happy Planet Index (HPI) published by the New Economics Foundation, the Philippines is the 14th happiest place in the world, up 3 places from 2008’s 17th place ranking. The HPI index measures happiness combining life satisfaction, life expectancy and environmental footprint — the amount of land required to sustain the population and absorb its energy consumption. Costa Rica is the happiest place in the world, followed by Dominican Republic, Jamaica, Guatemala, Vietnam, Colombia, Cuba, El Salvador, Brazil and Honduras. In 2010, Forbes conducted another survey. Gallup poll shows the Philippines ranked 94th happiest place in the world, still far better than India or China. Malaysia, where most Filipinos go to work, is just a spot higher than us. The survey is a telling one. Only 18% of Filipinos suffer from unhappiness. And the same number of people, about 68% struggles, the same case with Saudi Arabia, a country with most Overseas Filipino Workers. Singapore, despite being three spots higher than us, have a huge number of people struggling, with 75% of their people saying they are struggling in their daily lives to be appy. In terms of having a very good â€Å"subjective well-being†, the Philippines ranks a good 30th standing. Most Filipinos go to Taiwan, which ranks 31 and Japan a poor 39th. Italy, where many Filipinos aspire to work and live, is ranked 35th. Our former colonizer, Spain, is three ranks lower than us. Compared with other countries, we, Filipinos, are happier than them and liv e in relative good life and have better well-being. This is what I really don’t understand. If we say we are happy where we are, and our well-being is far better than other countries, then, why do we still leave? Why do many of us still think that a better future lies elsewhere than here? The Enigma Is it an enigma that we feel so bad when the fact of the matter is, we really are blessed with so many wonderful things around us? That grayish and decaying landscape that is Manila, is not the entire country. No. Go out and explore Luzon, just this island, and you’ll find that there are more extremely wonderful things here than, say, Singapore. Singapore does not have a range of mountains we call Sierra Madre, nor do Singaporeans enjoy paradise-like islands such as Puerto Galera. Yes, they have their Sentosa, but as everyone knows, that reclaimed island is not real. Those rocks which you see there are all concrete and those sands are exports from, tadah, the Philippines. Everyone knows that we are a blessed people. But, why is it that most of us want to leave and even consider this precious pearl in the orient as a hellish nightmare? Some scholars think that what we are feeling, the state of our condition, lies in our inability to appreciate the finer things in our lives. We always feel inferior to others. We always look at other countries’ situation as something better than ours. These are indications of depression. What is the root of our depression? Scholars say we suffer from this malady called â€Å"Colonial mentality. † The Root Cause of our Depression Colonial mentality is not just a predilection in thing foreign. No. Colonial mentality refers to what analysts say as â€Å"institutionalized or systematic feelings of inferiority within some societies or peoples who have been subjected to colonialism. â€Å" The concept, according to scholars, refers to the acceptance by the colonized of the culture or mores or even doctrine of he colonizer, as intrinsically more worthy or superior than theirs. â€Å" The Sisa Sydrome and the Root of Our Depression† an excerpt from the book, â€Å" Bagong Istorya: Great Stories in Philippine History† by the same author The Sisa Syndrome and the Antidote to Our Depression Colonial mentality is the chain that enslaves us Filipinos. It is not imperialism that gnaws our self-image. No. It is this mental state or condition called colonial mentality that continually oppresses us and makes us feel far inferior from other nationalities or races. David and Okazaki (2006a) conceptualized colonial mentality as a form of internalized oppression, characterized by a perception of ethnic or cultural inferiority, believed to be a consequence of centuries of colonization under Spain and the United States. Their study among Filipino-Americans is telling. It shows that this involves an automatic and uncritical rejection of anything Filipino and an automatic and uncritical preference to anything foreign. The study also shows this mental condition, affects every single Filipino’s self-image and self-esteem. It manifests in how Filipinos denigrate his own self, his culture and body, discriminates against less Americanized Filipinos and tolerance and acceptance of historical and contemporary oppression of Filipinos and Filipino Americans (David and Okazaki, 2006). A survey of over 600 Filipino Americans shows that one out of three or about 30% exhibit some form of Colonial mentality. David and Okazaki found that these Filipinos feel either inferior of their ethnicity and culture, feel ashamed and embarrassed of their ethnicity or culture or tend to feel indebted toward their part and present colonizers or oppressors. Empirical research shows that those who have Colonial mentality have significantly lower personal self-esteem than those without. Those who have colonial mentality have higher depression levels than Filipinos without colonial mentality. Is there something to be ashamed about our country? Those who show indications of CM says that they feel ashamed of some of the things that happened or is happening in their countries. A trans-national study however shows that Filipinos are sixth from the bottom of those with something in the country to feel ashamed about. Social Weather Stations (SWS) found that only 42% of Filipinos agree that there is something to be ashamed of their country, compared with 28% who either agreed or disagreed and a far less number (27%) says nothing is shameful about the Philippines. SWS discovered that the huge bulk of those who feel ashamed about our country resides in Metro Manila (52%) and the Visayas (50%) than in the rest of Luzon (39%) and Mindanao (35%). Most Filipinos who belonged to the middle to upper ABC (58%) feel ashamed compared with the masa (40%) and the very poor (42%). .u3a7ff294ced82745778e5c74509c18fe , .u3a7ff294ced82745778e5c74509c18fe .postImageUrl , .u3a7ff294ced82745778e5c74509c18fe .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u3a7ff294ced82745778e5c74509c18fe , .u3a7ff294ced82745778e5c74509c18fe:hover , .u3a7ff294ced82745778e5c74509c18fe:visited , .u3a7ff294ced82745778e5c74509c18fe:active { border:0!important; } .u3a7ff294ced82745778e5c74509c18fe .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u3a7ff294ced82745778e5c74509c18fe { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u3a7ff294ced82745778e5c74509c18fe:active , .u3a7ff294ced82745778e5c74509c18fe:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u3a7ff294ced82745778e5c74509c18fe .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u3a7ff294ced82745778e5c74509c18fe .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u3a7ff294ced82745778e5c74509c18fe .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u3a7ff294ced82745778e5c74509c18fe .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u3a7ff294ced82745778e5c74509c18fe:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u3a7ff294ced82745778e5c74509c18fe .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u3a7ff294ced82745778e5c74509c18fe .u3a7ff294ced82745778e5c74509c18fe-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u3a7ff294ced82745778e5c74509c18fe:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: To Build a Fire: Theme EssayCuriously, the more educated you are, the more you feel ashamed of yourself as a Filipino. Fifty three percent of college graduates say they are ashamed of their country, compared with 33% among elementary dropouts, 35% among high school dropouts and 46% among high school graduates. This, however, contradicts with a 2003 ISSP survey on national identity. Eighty three percent of Filipinos felt very proud of their race, and only one percent feels not proud at all. Our pride as a Filipino was second highest among 33 countries, topped only by Venezuela’s 92, and three percent higher than the United States (80%) and others. We Filipinos are proud about our achievements in sports (84%), history (82%), arts and literature (78%), armed forces (57%), scientific and technological achievements (80%), the way democracy works (54%) and the fair and equal treatment of all groups in society (51%). On the other hand, we feel less proud on our economic achievements (47%), social security system (45%) and our political influence in the world (36%). So if eighty percent of us are proud of being Pinoys, with some, 40 plus percent feeling ashamed of some of the things which happens to us, why is it that there is still a big proportion of our population who dreams of living and staying permanently in some other country? Colonial Mentality: Social-wide Stockholm syndrome One possible explanation is the effects education and media has to us, as Filipinos. Look at the SWS study—the more educated a Filipino is, the more he shows or feels ashamed of his racial roots. The reason is obvious. His education is patterned after Western models. Obviously, his standards of everything are based also on Western ones. Media also shows images of prosperous countries, of cosmopolitan cities and of the perceived relative stability and progress other countries, particularly those in the West. These images are imbedded into our sub-conscious minds. These affects our preferences, our choices. These images create a sub-conscious and often, emotional link (Poiesz, 1989, p. 461). As we continually expose ourselves to these images, we then form an opinion or a perception that our situation is worse than others. When certain situations such as a bungled police operation or when government acts contrary to popular perception, we feel ashamed and angry with our government. We often perceive that our governmental system is much more inferior to others. Memmi (1965), Fanon (1965) and Freire (1970) theorized that a salient effect of colonization is the internalization of the inferior perception imposed on the colonized by the colonizer. Such in- â€Å" The Sisa Sydrome and the Root of Our Depression† an excerpt from the book, â€Å" Bagong Istorya: Great Stories in Philippine History† by the same author The Sisa Syndrome and the Antidote to Our Depression ternalization may lead to feelings of inferiority about oneself and one’s ethnic or cultural group. Feelings of shame, embarrassment or resentment normally follow; then outright rejection of one’s self. This explains Filipino preference to products from the United States, Europe and even, Asian. It extends even to Filipino perceptions on his own skin, being brown than white. Colonial mentality-driven preferences apply, but are not limited to, culture or lifestyle, physical characteristics, socio-economic opportunities, language, material products and leadership or government. Bergano Bergano-Kinney, 1997, p. 202). Even the use of language exhibits signs of colonial mentality. Strobel (1997) says that some colonized peoples ridicule or resent others who belong in their ethnic group who does not know how to speak, read and write English which they perceive as the â€Å"universal norm and marker of intelligence. † An individual who already assimilated or encultured himself with the colonizer’s cultural norms, and is already convinced or programmed to think that the colonizer’s is superior to his, the colonized begins to view the colonizer in a positive light. Memmi and Rimonte referred to this as â€Å"colonial debt†. Such a belief might lead to the normalization of the maltreatments such as discrimination from the dominant group, since such maltreatments might be perceived as the natural costs for progress or civilization, a perceived price one has to pay in order to become as much as like the dominant group as possible (Memmi, 1965). Why Rizal did used Sisa as someone representative of the Motherland? For a good reason, I think. Sisa represents every single Filipino who believes in the superiority of the colonizer’s system, particularly of education. Rizal pictured Sisa as the Motherland who sent her sons to learn more about the colonizer’s culture and education, only to get killed in the process. Like two of Sisa’s sons, most of us, Filipinos go to different lands in search of greener pastures. We assume different personalities when we are abroad. Like programmed robots, we think that everything foreign is good, and life is better in some country than in our own. We are lost in enculturation, that we believe everything is better there than here. Our minds have been programmed to accept everything foreign as something good, benevolent and better than ours. Just like Basilio and Crispin, we think that education is the best answer to our poverty. A diploma from a university or college is something of a dream since we hope to transform this diploma into a visa someday. From that very minute that Sisa gave his two sons to that priest, she already lost them. The priest maltreated and eventually killed one of her sons. This is an allusion to how colonial mentality kills some of us. Desirous for a better life, we succumb to the wiles of our colonizer, suffering even maltreatment, yet thinking that this is just a consequence, a â€Å"price to pay† so to speak, of a better life. We accept the norms and culture and lifestyle of our colonizer, only to pay for our life in exchange. Like Sisa’s sons, we also lost our identities, our â€Å"who we are†. We sacrificed our self-worth, our self-image, just to become at par with our colonizers. We tried to assimilate ourselves with our colonizer’s systems, only to realize later that doing so, we gave not just our minds, but our very souls to the colonizer. This â€Å"Sisa Syndrome† infects every Filipina mother who allows her sons to dream of working and living abroad. Fact is, this syndrome affects every single one of us who thinks that we are an inferior race. That we fare far worse than others. That everything here is worthless. Sisa reflects our collective sigh, our collective depression caused by colonial mentality. We think that Malaysians live far better than us that’s why many of us migrate there. We think Saudis live far better lives than us that’s why despite the insufferable heat, most of us desire to work there. We believe Americans have far better lives than us, that’s why despite some Americans going here to work, most of us scamper to the nearest U. S. embassy just The Allusion of Sisa Going back to what I wrote at the start of this paper. I used Sisa as a vehicle for us to further understand our present situation. I told you that Rizal used Sisa to show the colonized status of our country during the Spanish times. If you still remember your Noli me Tangere, Sisa was once a sane woman. She was mother to two fine sons and an unfortunate wife of a brute. Like a lady of those times, Sisa suffered while she was with her husband. She was being maltreated. Despite her sorry state, Sisa never thought of leaving her husband, for fear of being cursed by God. Divorce was never an option back in 18th century Philippines. Catholicism has taken a decisive root in Philippine society that divorce is a sin and domestic violence is to be taken as part of married life. Anyway, to make the story short, Sisa sent her two sons to a priest to study. Being poor, Sisa thought that her sons would make good acolytes. Acolytes enjoy food and education from the church. It was only when she learned of the deaths of her sons that she lost all her faith and all her confidence not just to her religion but to life as well. The Sisa Sydrome and the Root of Our Depression† an excerpt from the book, â€Å" Bagong Istorya: Great Stories in Philippine History† by the same author The Sisa Syndrome and the Antidote to Our Depression to get that visa. from Philippine forests and mountains. Filipino hands made those excellent cuisines now being enjoyed by the world’s rich and uber famous. Some of the world’s greatest chefs are Pinoys, while mo st of the hotel staff of top 5 and 6-star hotels around the world are Pinoys. The world is slowly warming up with the Filipino’s version of the adobo and chicken tinola. Filipino cuisines are starting to dominate the world’s kitchens, with uniquely Pinoy creations being served at millions of homes around the globe. We eat potato chips and pizzas uniquely modified to suit Filipino tastes. We salivate at Filipino fruits, like mangos and durians. We lavish ourselves from the products from our seas and oceans. We enjoy every morsel of rice which came from our fields. When the world goes to work, they ride on modern cars powered by Filipino minds and ingenuity. Filipino hands and intellect power the world’s greatest cars. Pinoy engineers now design the most sophisticated machines inside our Ferraris, BMWs, Chryslers and Mercedes Benz. From the headlights down to the suspensions and wheels, there is some speck of Filipino there for the entire world to appreciate. Fact is, those modern designs we now see in our cars, even if it’s a Toyota or a Mitsubishi, are mostly inventions by Filipino car designers. Whatever the world sees in classrooms or in their work stations, chances are, there is at least one made or invented by a Filipino. You’ll find a Filipino in the top universities in the world, pitting his brains against some of the world’s best. Nowadays, it’s entirely common to hear a Filipino graduate from Harvard or Oxford. Ivy League schools in the United States are full of Filipinos; same goes to the top European institutions. We have some Filipinos graduating at the top of their classes in the US military academy and commanding battalions as officers of the world’s greatest army. And we have great Filipino academicians teaching the world’s business titans how to run their companies. We have Filipinos at NASA and Pinoy scientists over at BERN. We see Filipinos tinkering with sophisticated technologies in Japan, the United States and Europe. Filipinos are also working as inventors of newer technologies. Those who don’t know must know that Filipinos are also active in the fields of bio-technology, neuroscience, and information technology. We have bio-engineers who are now involved in developing creative and useful technologies for the rest of the world to use and enjoy. Those laptops we now currently enjoy have Filipino intellect invested into it. The very chips that power those personal computers, IPods and IPods are proudly Filipino made. From the sands of this great country comes silica, the prime component of elec- The antidote for our colonial mentality There is a cure from this Sisa syndrome, and that is, the acceptance of our present situation. Accepting who we really are, and why we are economically underdeveloped than others is the first definitive step. History is also another vehicle for us to further understand our situation and to allow ourselves to accept our present condition. We start by recognizing that we are descendants of a proud race. That we were once a glorious people who once conquered the ancient world with our talents, our trade, and our goods. We continually conquer the world with our excellent personal traits, our inventions, our discoveries and our intelligence. As what Atty. Alex Lacson wrote in his piece, â€Å" The Filipino Today†, the Filipino mind is the greatest asset in the world today. This is not something invented purely by a nationalistic mind. This is a fact recognized even by the international community. We, Filipinos, are the World’s Greatest Assets. Look around you, and you’ll realize that everything you see are wondrous works of Filipino creation. Travel abroad, and expect to find at least one Filipino bravely holding himself up before the rest of the world. .u60fb7706a02eb3ae91bdcb93358eaf9c , .u60fb7706a02eb3ae91bdcb93358eaf9c .postImageUrl , .u60fb7706a02eb3ae91bdcb93358eaf9c .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u60fb7706a02eb3ae91bdcb93358eaf9c , .u60fb7706a02eb3ae91bdcb93358eaf9c:hover , .u60fb7706a02eb3ae91bdcb93358eaf9c:visited , .u60fb7706a02eb3ae91bdcb93358eaf9c:active { border:0!important; } .u60fb7706a02eb3ae91bdcb93358eaf9c .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u60fb7706a02eb3ae91bdcb93358eaf9c { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u60fb7706a02eb3ae91bdcb93358eaf9c:active , .u60fb7706a02eb3ae91bdcb93358eaf9c:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u60fb7706a02eb3ae91bdcb93358eaf9c .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u60fb7706a02eb3ae91bdcb93358eaf9c .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u60fb7706a02eb3ae91bdcb93358eaf9c .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u60fb7706a02eb3ae91bdcb93358eaf9c .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u60fb7706a02eb3ae91bdcb93358eaf9c:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u60fb7706a02eb3ae91bdcb93358eaf9c .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u60fb7706a02eb3ae91bdcb93358eaf9c .u60fb7706a02eb3ae91bdcb93358eaf9c-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u60fb7706a02eb3ae91bdcb93358eaf9c:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Lessons in an inspector Calls EssayLook at the tee-shirts you’re wearing, and you’ll find that even its threads are probably Pinoy and even if its â€Å"Made in China† or â€Å"Made in the USA†, chances are one of those who sewed it and made it the best tee-shirt in the world is a Filipino. When the world wakes up every morning, they use a product that is Filipino made. The bed they lie on, the soft and nice pillows they rest their heads on and even those comforters they wrap their bodies to keep warm, at least one Filipino invested his time and skills to make it. When the world rise from their beds, and put on those slippers, at least a billion wears those made from the Philippines. They go to their comfort rooms and brush their teeth and probably not just a billion feels great using toothpaste and a toothbrush made by Filipinos. They clean themselves up using soaps which probably came from a factory somewhere in Laguna or in Subic. And they wash their hair using shampoos promoted by top Filipino marketing managers and professionals. They go to their dinner tables and chances are, they’ll find at least one Pinoy product there. They use cutlery which material probably comes from the ore mines of the Philippines. The very wood or steel that makes up their dinner tables are materials harvested The Sisa Sydrome and the Root of Our Depression† an excerpt from the book, â€Å" Bagong Istorya: Great Stories in Philippine History† by the same author The Sisa Syndrome and the Antidote to Our Depression tronic chips. And from the ore mines of Zambales and Mindanao comes forth copper and other minerals which the world uses in manufacturing electronic ga dgets and wires. What’s important is we Filipinos invest our minds in transforming those tiny sands into chips that power human civilization. We have young Pinoys like Brian Quebengco who spearheads Inovent, a young startup company that invented the world’s first interactive television. Despite working with meager resources, Quebengco and his gang of Innoventors are on the verge of unveiling this television which will revolutionize the way the world watches TV. We build great ships that sail the world’s oceans and seas. Our Filipino brothers and sisters are captains in some of the world’s biggest oil tankers. Filipinos also dominate the world’s skies as the most sought-after commercial and training pilots in some of the top airlines in the world. When the world’s businessmen enter hotels, they are welcomed by Pinoys. When they rest in those comfy beds, a Filipino attends to their needs. When someone enjoys a cool daiquiri in an Ibizainspired pool in some resort, a Filipino probably made it for him. Those warm meals served are Filipino made. When they leave their hotels or resorts, a Filipino gives them his most precious and warm smile to enliven them. Surely, millions of them when they arrive home, a Filipino will be there to arrange their meals and iron their clothes. Some Filipinos command great armies of workers around the world. They serve as managers, supervisors and field commanders in some of the world’s top manufacturing companies. In the Middle East, most of those who work to harvest that black gold are Filipino engineers. While those fields of gold in the United States, South America, Asia and Europe are being attended to by hardworking Filipino workers. Even our oceans are populated by Filipinos either as sailors or captains, or in some places, Filipinos are themselves commercial fishermen. The world listens to Pinoy music millions of times in a day. Charice Pempengco tops the pop charts in the US every single week. Pinoy crooners spread the message of love in most of the world’s radios and video karaoke bars. Pinoy bands enliven the club scene not just in Asia, but even in Las Vegas, the world’s premier entertainment site. We are in the top opera houses, the top orchestras, the top rock bands and even in carnivals and festivals around the world. Our dancers enchant the world every single day in most of the world’s great stages. We see Pinoy art bringing joy to millions, and Pinoy writers weaving words into art in advertising copies around the world. We enjoy a Mickey Mouse drawn by a Filipino animator and an almost realistic Spider-man or a Superman flying over rooftops and skyscrapers made by a Filipino computer animator. Some of the world’s top comic’s characters came alive from a Filipino sketch book, while the creepiest villains and admirable heroes spring forth from the mind of another Pinoy. Those games we enjoy in our PS3’s, Nintendo and PC games are most likely produced and inspired by Filipino game creators and animators. Even some cell phone games are Pinoy inventions. Pinoys even dominate the martial arts world, what with Pinoys competing in URCC and in wrestling matches. We see a Pinoy making history as the most multi-titled pugilist in world boxing history. We have a Pinoy legend in billiards, another one in professional bowling. Someday, Filipinos will dominate fencing, wushu, amateur wrestling, swimming, even football. Even at the world political scene, Filipino diplomats stand toeto-toe with the world’s greatest minds. We are considered the world’s best in diplomatic circles. The first United Nations head is a Pinoy. The first ever Asian to head the International Labor Organization is a Bulakeno. And most staffers of the United Nations are Filipinos. It is most unfortunate though that despite all of these, we have a government that is as corrupt, as chaotic and as direction-less as an African or South American government. Yes, we are critical players in stabilizing the world, yet, we are as destabilized in our own country. We give order in the world, yet, in our own soil, we are as disorderly and disorganized as some petty state in an obscure place in the world. Our compatriots abroad distinguished themselves as the best law-abiding citizens, yet, in our own country, most of us distinguish ourselves as one of the world’s dirtiest and the most despicable thrashers in history. We spread and give light to human civilization, yet, our country is still under a state of extreme darkness. It is time for Filipinos to serve and be assets in their own birthplace. It is time for Filipinos to share their talents and transform this country and make it the best in the world. There is nothing, oh, nothing that can prevent us from achieving what we want. We have proven time and again that if we only pool our acts together, and use these bountiful resources in our midst, we can achieve what others thought impossible. Our country stands at the crossroads. One road leads to greatness while the other, perdition. That road to greatness is fraught with dangers and sufferings. While the other, is as easy as crossing the street, yet the end of it, damnation. The Sisa Sydrome and the Root of Our Depression† an excerpt from the book, â€Å" Bagong Istorya: Great Stories in Philippine History† by the same author The Sisa Syndrome and the Antidote to Our Depression As we usher a new day under a new administration, let us seize the moment and make a new page in our history. Let us erase those painful memories of an evil past and try to create a bet ter one through unity of our minds. There is nothing, oh nothing that can prevent a united Nation from achieving greatness. If we all work together and think that greatness is just an arm’s length away, nothing is impossible. Blot out all negative thoughts and focus at the great task at hand— rebuild this country from the ground up and establish a Nation that is the best in the world. We are the creators of our future. We are the creators of our own greatness. We are great when we think and believe that we are great. When 90 million Filipinos think great every single day, we will achieve what no other country ever didpropel this nation to First World status by six years. We can do it. We can achieve what we want—a better quality of life for all Filipinos. Let us all be engineers of our great future. Let us all be part of this great enterprise of nation-building. Let us share this vision to everyone who wants nothing but a better future for himself, for his family and for his successors. Look around you, and you’ll see a very promising landscape. Just go to Makati and Pasay, and you’ll see the Marriott group of hotels near one of our international airports. Try to go to Ayala and you’ll find a Raffles hotel being built beside Landmark. Go out of Metro Manila and you’ll find great resorts and hotels being established. Check out our new airports, and bridges and roads. These are infrastructures of our future. Even look at yourself in the mirror and you’ll find that there is something new, something dynamic, something promising in you that is worth sharing with other Filipinos. Find that new thing within you and spread it around. Instead of just being a passive observer, be an intellectual entrepreneur. Spread that new thinking, your intellectual invention with other Filipinos and within a short period of time, you’ll be the leader of a great enterprise. Look around you, and you’ll see a silent revolution, the entrepreneurial revolt, spreading in every direction, in every nook and ranny of the Metropolis and even in the remotest barangays throughout this great nation. From thinking of just being laborers and employees, a great majority of Filipinos are transforming themselves into entrepreneurs. Yes, we are emerging into an entrepreneur’s hub in Asia. What’s great, I sense that a great social infrastructure is slowly emerging from the loins of the Filipin o masses. This infrastructure is Pinoy bayanihan, the realization that every one is a patriot in his own right, and the recognition that, as a Patriot, he is a substantive part in that human infrastructure. The Sisa Sydrome and the Root of Our Depression† an excerpt from the book, â€Å" Bagong Istorya: Great Stories in Philippine History† by the same author We are slowly transcending the old philosophical world-view of individual-centric, into mass or social-centric. This is made possible by an infusion of new thinking. This new thinking is slowly permeating the public sphere and infecting every one! The new thinking is information-driven, and being exchanged every second. This is the new promise, the new Hope, the new Future! Let the new administration nurture this and serve as a guide. Guide us towards greatness. Be an example of greatness and the rest of the country will rise up and follow. Rise up, o Motherland! Rise up from centuries of lethargy and be inspired by the work of your Patriotic sons and daughters! There is a great enterprise rising over the horizon of despair. A new Sun has taken over the darkness. A new race of Filipinos are taking over. Let the millions of Filipino patriots seize this moment, create a new page in History and build a great Nation from the ashes of disbelief and despair. Time to re-build this Nation from the ground up! Time to create a Golden age where Filipinos are once again proud of their heritage and of their race! We are Filipinos and we are great. Notes 1. http://opinion. inquirer. net/inquireropinion/columns/ view/20100820-287921/Policy-lockjaw 2. http://www. bworldonline. com/Research/populareconomics. php? id=0102 3. http://www. migrationinformation. org/USFocus/display. cfm? ID=364 4. http://www. forbes. com/2010/07/14/world-happiest-countrieslifestyle-realestate-gallup-table. html 5. Ronald Inglehart et al. (eds. ) HUMAN BELIEFS AND

Wedding Toast Quotes for the Father of the Groom

Wedding Toast Quotes for the Father of the Groom At a wedding reception or grooms dinner, the couples parents may be tasked with coming up with toasts. Here are a few quotes for the father of the groom to weave into his speech of well wishes, advice, and touching memories to share with the crowd and the newlyweds. Helen Rowland Falling in love consists merely in uncorking the imagination and bottling the common sense. J. Krishnamurti The moment you have in your heart this extraordinary thing called love and feel the depth, the delight, the ecstasy of it, you will discover that for you the world is transformed. Mother Teresa ï » ¿It is not how much we do, but how much love we put in the doing. It is not how much we give, but how much love we put in the giving. Tom Mullen Marriage- as its veterans know well- is the continuous process of getting used to things you hadnt expected. Andre Maurois A successful marriage is an edifice that must be rebuilt every day. Ogden Nash To keep your marriage brimming, with love in the loving cup, whenever youre wrong, admit it; whenever youre right, shut up. Victoria Secunda, Women and Their  Fathers, 1992 Sons are for fathers the twice-told tale. Jane Austen I pay very little regard to what a young person says on the subject of marriage. If they profess a disinclination for it, I only set it down that they havent seen the right person yet. Zsa Zsa Gabor A man in love is incomplete until he is married. Then hes finished. Joey Adams A psychiatrist asks a lot of expensive questions; your wife asks for nothing. Joseph Leunig Love one another and you will be happy. Its as simple and as difficult as that. Mignon McLaughlin A successful marriage requires falling in love many times, always with the same person. Henry David Thoreau There is no remedy for love but to love more. Nanette Newman A good marriage is at least 80 percent good luck in finding the right person at the right time. The rest is trust. Sir Harold Nicolson The great secret of a successful marriage is to treat all disasters as incidents and none of the incidents as disasters. Paul Tillich The first duty of love is to listen. Alfred A. Montapert The man or woman you really love will never grow old to you. Through the wrinkles of time, through the bowed frame of years, you will always see the dear face and feel the warm heart union of your eternal love. Winston Churchill A family starts with a young man falling in love with a girl. No superior alternative has been found. Alfred A. Montapert The secret of health, happiness, and long life: If you simply learn how to accept and express love, you will live longer†¦be happier†¦grow healthier. For love is a powerful force. Antoine de Saint-Exupà ©ry Love does not consist of gazing at each other, but in looking outward together in the same direction. Greek Proverb A heart that loves is always young. Hawkeye Pierce in M*A*S*H Without love, what are we worth? Eighty-nine cents! Eighty-nine cents worth of chemicals walking around lonely.

Market structure Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Market structure - Essay Example These include things like the resources of the ocean (for example, fish) and the environment. Both of these resources can be impacted on by the way in which they are used thereby reducing the number of fishes or the quality of the environment. If a good is excludable but not rival it is a natural monopoly. Public goods like common resources are not excludable. They are available for the use of everyone free of charge. Common goods like private goods are rival goods because one person’s consumption reduces other persons’ consumption. Natural monopolies like private goods are excludable because persons’ can be prevented form consuming the good. According to Pashigian (1997) a natural monopoly exists when a given quantity can be produced by a single firm at the lowest cost. Bank of America is a financial institution offering financial services. Some of its financial services are non-excludable because anyone can access them. However, customers can be prevented from accessing loans if they do not qualify in terms of their ability to pay. The services that the bank provides are also non-rival because one person’s use of the service does not reduce other persons’ use of the service. It therefore means that Bank of America is not a natural monopoly because it is non excludable. Neither does the institution provide a private good because its services are non-rival.